Abstract

The research was carried out in order to characterise the ectomycorrhizal community of a cork oak stand in Sardinia, composed by plants of Quercus suber, some plants of Q. ilex and shrubby species, mainly Arbutus unedo, Cistus spp. and Erica spp. In the cork oak 20 areal transepts were done in order to map the vegetal species forming ectomycorrhizae, including also those of the genus Erica. A soil sample was taken from the centre of each transept in order to analyse the ectomycorrhizal fungal community. In total 4700 colonized root tips were examined and ascribed to 75 different morphotypes on the basis of morpho-anatomic and biomolecular analyses. 69 of these morphotypes were identified at family, genus or species level by sequencing of the ITS region. Data obtained in this study allowed us to describe the structure of the ectomycorrhizal community and to estimate the efficiency of the sampling method, the correlation between the biodiversity of the two symbiont communities and the richness in species. The fungal community is dominated by Cenococcum geophilum; other widespread species are Lactarius chrysorrheus and one species of Thelephoraceae, whereas several other species are present occasionally. The most representative genera were Lactarius, Russula, Sebacina and Tomentella. The dominant families were Cortinariaceae, Russulaceae, Sebacinaceae, Thelephoraceae and to a less extent Tuberaceae.

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