Abstract

Hybrid organic-inorganic materials doped with zwitterionic push-pull chromophores with high hyperpolarizability have been synthesized by a sol-gel procedure. A large chromophore concentration was reached by using N-(hydroxyethyl)carbazole as a physical spacer (preventing the dye aggregation). Spin-coated doped films were electrically poled and second harmonic generation measurements performed in situ. During the thermally assisted poling under a N₂ atmosphere, only the carbazole molecules degraded. Second-harmonic generation measurements gave an estimation of the nonlinear coefficient, r₃₃, of 38 pm V^-1 at 1064 nm.

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